Self-Standing 3D-Printed PEGDA–PANIs Electroconductive Hydrogel Composites for pH Monitoring

Additive manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing processes, is introducing new possibilities in electronic, biomedical, sensor-designing, and wearable technologies. In this context, the present work focuses on development of flexible 3D-printed polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA)- sulfonated polyaniline (PANIs) electrically conductive hydrogels (ECHs) for pH-monitoring applications. PEGDA platforms are printed by a stereolithography (SLA) approach. Here, we report successful realization PEGDA–PANIs electroconductive hydrogel (ECH) composites produced an situ chemical oxidative co-polymerization aniline (ANI) 2-sulfonic acid (ANIs) monomers at 1:1 equimolar ratio acidic medium. The morphological functional properties compared to those PEGDA–PANI coupling SEM, swelling degree, I–V, electro–chemo–mechanical analyses. differences discussed as function morphological, structural, charge transfer/transport respective PANIs PANI filler. Our investigation showed that electrochemical activity allows exploitation composite electrode material pH monitoring linear range compatible with most biofluids. This feature, combined superior electromechanical behavior, capacity, water retention properties, makes promising active developing advanced soft tissue, biocompatible electronic